The study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to adherence to the "Ponte de Pie" protocol among university office workers, using the COM-B model to assess factors related to capacities, opportunities, and motivations influencing participation.
A qualitative analysis was conducted using focus groups with office workers as part of a randomized clinical trial (NCT05790837). Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis was applied, grouping themes deductively using the COM-B model. Participants shared experiences with the computer-prompted breaks, focusing on facilitators and barriers to regular participation. Data were analyzed thematically, and key themes were organized according to the COM-B framework.
Facilitators in Capability included the simplicity and adaptability of exercises, which required no equipment, making them accessible to all. Immediate physical and psychological benefits were observed, like reduced joint pain and stress relief. Under Opportunity, software flexibility in adjusting break times was a key facilitator, especially for those with demanding schedules. Social support from management and colleagues further encouraged adherence, fostering a positive workplace culture. For Motivation, mental benefits and habit formation reinforced participants’ commitment.
Barriers in Capability included pre-existing joint discomfort, which raised concerns about aggravating conditions. Under Opportunity, employees with public-facing roles or heavy workloads struggled to follow prompts consistently, with some finding the frequent reminders disruptive. Regarding Motivation, lack of variety in the exercises reduced long-term engagement, and insufficient supervision decreased confidence in performing the exercises correctly.
The study highlights the need to address both individual and organizational factors for successful sedentary behavior interventions. Accessible, flexible activities and supportive workplace culture were key facilitators, while physical discomfort and time constraints posed significant barriers. Professional guidance, such as physiotherapist-led instruction, could improve adherence by enhancing confidence and proper execution.
The study shows the relevance of intentionally breaking sedentary patterns to improve physical and mental health, although barriers must be addressed, and organizational culture must shift to support these changes. Future interventions should address various workplace settings and provide strategies for long-term engagement. Physiotherapists have a crucial role in occupational health. They can design and lead interventions to reduce sedentary behavior, support behavior changes, and promote adherence to workplace health activities.
Adherence
COM-B
