Hoppe P1, Kiesl U1, Brunner R1, Hammerer M1, Kiesl D2, Frenner I1
1University of Applied Science for Health Professions Upper Austria, Department Physiotherapy, Linz, Austria, 2Kepler Universitätsklinikum Linz, Department of Internal Medicine III - Hematology and Oncology, Linz, Austria
Background: The ability of movement imagery (MI) is an essential component for learning procedural skills in physiotherapeutic education. Individual ability in mental/movement imagery varies widely between persons. MI is described as the mental representation of actions in the absence of movement which is a highly complex mental process that involves a variety of cognitive components, such as memory and attention. Generally accepted questionnaires are the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire (VMIQ) and the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) which do not measure the ability itself, but merely the self-assessment of it. The Florida Praxis Imagery Questionnaire (FPIQ) therefor is exceptional, consisting of four subtests, each designed to evaluate different aspects of the use of tools and objects. As this test is currently only validated in English, cross-culture adaption is required for its use in Austria.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a german version of the FPIQ, compare it with the original publication, contrast the performance in the FPIQ with the Test of Ability in Movement Imagery (TAMI) to support our findings and objectively describe the MI of our applicants for physiotherapy.
Methods: The FPIQ has been translated according to the guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-reporting measures by Beaton et al. and has furthermore been adapted to culturally-related differences and actuality of any terms. The final version of the questionnaire was applied to 194 physiotherapy applicants (age = 22.3 ± 4.6 years; 123 women and 71 men) at the University of Applied Sciences in Upper Austria. All participants held a Level B2 language certificate and gave written informed consent prior to beginning the study. To verify the construct validity of the FPIQ, we tested for significant correlations between their performances in the TAMI. Descriptive statistic was used to compare our results with previous studies.
Results: : Scores on the FPIQ subscale position significantly correlated with the TAMI´s total value. The kinesthetic, action and object subscales showed no significant matches. The mean and standard deviation for the kinesthetic subscale was 10.3 ± 1.4 (range of 4 to 12), 10.9 ± 1.0 (range of 6 to 12) for position, 11.0 ± 1.2 (range of 5 to 12) for action and 11.0 ± 1.1 (range of 5 to 12) for object. The participants' mean TAMI score was 7.47 with a standard deviation of ± 1.62. The range of correct answers for TAMI varied from 38% to 95%.
Conclusion(s): In comparison to recent literature, the FPIQ correlates only in the subscale position. The TAMI score extensively correlates with current studies. Physiotherapy applicants have a high extent of ability in movement imagery. The TAMI is more suitable than the FPIQ for measuring MI, because it shows more accordance with publications. Therefor a german version is required.
Implications: MI is an essential ability for learning procedural skills in physiotherapeutic education. Our study showed the MI of our participants was good. However, objective measurement in the application procedure is obligatory and currently not suitable applicable in the german language.
Keywords: Movement imagery, Florida Praxis Imagery Questionnaire, Physiotherapy education
Funding acknowledgements: This study was conducted only by the Staff at University of Applied Sciences in Upper Austria. No other Funding.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a german version of the FPIQ, compare it with the original publication, contrast the performance in the FPIQ with the Test of Ability in Movement Imagery (TAMI) to support our findings and objectively describe the MI of our applicants for physiotherapy.
Methods: The FPIQ has been translated according to the guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-reporting measures by Beaton et al. and has furthermore been adapted to culturally-related differences and actuality of any terms. The final version of the questionnaire was applied to 194 physiotherapy applicants (age = 22.3 ± 4.6 years; 123 women and 71 men) at the University of Applied Sciences in Upper Austria. All participants held a Level B2 language certificate and gave written informed consent prior to beginning the study. To verify the construct validity of the FPIQ, we tested for significant correlations between their performances in the TAMI. Descriptive statistic was used to compare our results with previous studies.
Results: : Scores on the FPIQ subscale position significantly correlated with the TAMI´s total value. The kinesthetic, action and object subscales showed no significant matches. The mean and standard deviation for the kinesthetic subscale was 10.3 ± 1.4 (range of 4 to 12), 10.9 ± 1.0 (range of 6 to 12) for position, 11.0 ± 1.2 (range of 5 to 12) for action and 11.0 ± 1.1 (range of 5 to 12) for object. The participants' mean TAMI score was 7.47 with a standard deviation of ± 1.62. The range of correct answers for TAMI varied from 38% to 95%.
Conclusion(s): In comparison to recent literature, the FPIQ correlates only in the subscale position. The TAMI score extensively correlates with current studies. Physiotherapy applicants have a high extent of ability in movement imagery. The TAMI is more suitable than the FPIQ for measuring MI, because it shows more accordance with publications. Therefor a german version is required.
Implications: MI is an essential ability for learning procedural skills in physiotherapeutic education. Our study showed the MI of our participants was good. However, objective measurement in the application procedure is obligatory and currently not suitable applicable in the german language.
Keywords: Movement imagery, Florida Praxis Imagery Questionnaire, Physiotherapy education
Funding acknowledgements: This study was conducted only by the Staff at University of Applied Sciences in Upper Austria. No other Funding.
Topic: Education; Education: continuing professional development
Ethics approval required: No
Institution: Ethics Board, University of Applied Science for Health Professions
Ethics committee: Ethics Committee the region of Upper Austria
Reason not required: The Ethics Committee isn’t responsible for this study, because the participants aren’t vulnerable group and no intervention will be applied.
All authors, affiliations and abstracts have been published as submitted.
