This systematic review aims to evaluate the current efficacy of Rocabado’s 6×6 exercise program in reducing pain, improving Range of Motion (ROM), and enhancing functional outcomes in patients with TMD.
We conducted a comprehensive search through PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Scopus databases from inception until August 2024. Two independent researchers screened the titles and abstracts, and another pair screened the full text articles. The quality of the included studies was assessed via the PEDro scale. Meta-analyses were conducted when applicable.
Three trials involving 132 participants were included. The methodological quality of one study was deemed good, while the other two were of fair quality. The meta-analysis did not show a statistically significant difference between Rocabado’s exercise and control groups in terms of pain (SMD= 0.05; 95% CI -0.83 to 0.94; P = 0.91; I2= 84%), and ROM (SMD: 0.69; 95% CI: -0.21 to 1.58; P = 0.13; I2=97%). However, Rocabado’s group had a significant effect in terms of function (SMD: -13.70; 95% CI –17.37 to -10.03; P=0.80; I2= 0%).
The available evidence is at its nascent phase. Our results suggest that Rocabado’s 6x6 exercise program may improve the functional level but does not significantly affect pain or ROM in patients with TMD. Further studies are needed to validate our conclusion.
Further high-quality studies with larger sample size are needed to further elucidate the potential effects of these exercises and to optimize treatment strategies for individuals affected by TMD-related symptoms.
Rocabado’s exercises
Rocabado’s approach
