Al Attar WSA1, Alshehri MA2
1Umm Al Qura University, Department of Physiotherapy, Mecca, Saudi Arabia, 2University of Queensland, Department of Physiotherapy, Brisbane, Australia
Background: The FIFA Medical and Research Centre (F-MARC) has designed a comprehensive warm-up program targeting muscular strength, body kinaesthetic awareness, and neuromuscular control during static and dynamic movements to decrease injury risk for soccer players. Numerous meta-analyses have been published on the effectiveness of the FIFA injury prevention programs to reduce injury, with various degrees of injury reduction reported.
Purpose: This research aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of meta-analyses evaluating the effectiveness of the FIFA injury prevention programs to summarise the amount of injury reduction into a single source.
Methods: Five databases including MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane library were searched up to July 2018 to identify relevant studies. Data were extracted and the results from each meta-analysis were combined using a summary meta-analysis based on odds ratios (OR). QUOROM was used to assess the comprehensiveness of reporting in the included meta-analyses and AMSTAR 2 was performed to evaluate their methodological quality.
Results: Four meta-analyses met eligibility criteria including 15 primary studies. QUOROM scores were relatively high in all four meta-analyses but AMSTAR 2 rated two of them as a moderate quality and other two as a critically low quality. This meta-analysis of meta-analyses showed an overall 34% reduction [OR= 0.66 (0.60 - 0.73); I2= 84%] in the risk of all injuries and a 29% reduction [OR= 0.71 (0.63 - 0.81); I2= 80%] for lower limb injuries.
Conclusion(s): This paper combined all previous meta-analyses into a single source and showed conclusive evidence that the FIFA injury prevention programs reduce the risk of soccer injuries.
Implications: The overall finding of the analysis demonstrated that FIFA injury prevention programs can reduce the risk of all injuries by 34% and 29% for lower limb injuries in the long term compared with teams that do not engage in the FIFA injury prevention programs. The FIFA injury prevention programs have shown to be highly effective in reducing overall and lower extremity injury. These data also support the case for the development and introduction of sport-specific programs.
Keywords: FIFA, Injury Prevention, Sport injuries
Funding acknowledgements: There were no sources of financial funding for this research or any conflicts of interest.
Purpose: This research aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of meta-analyses evaluating the effectiveness of the FIFA injury prevention programs to summarise the amount of injury reduction into a single source.
Methods: Five databases including MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane library were searched up to July 2018 to identify relevant studies. Data were extracted and the results from each meta-analysis were combined using a summary meta-analysis based on odds ratios (OR). QUOROM was used to assess the comprehensiveness of reporting in the included meta-analyses and AMSTAR 2 was performed to evaluate their methodological quality.
Results: Four meta-analyses met eligibility criteria including 15 primary studies. QUOROM scores were relatively high in all four meta-analyses but AMSTAR 2 rated two of them as a moderate quality and other two as a critically low quality. This meta-analysis of meta-analyses showed an overall 34% reduction [OR= 0.66 (0.60 - 0.73); I2= 84%] in the risk of all injuries and a 29% reduction [OR= 0.71 (0.63 - 0.81); I2= 80%] for lower limb injuries.
Conclusion(s): This paper combined all previous meta-analyses into a single source and showed conclusive evidence that the FIFA injury prevention programs reduce the risk of soccer injuries.
Implications: The overall finding of the analysis demonstrated that FIFA injury prevention programs can reduce the risk of all injuries by 34% and 29% for lower limb injuries in the long term compared with teams that do not engage in the FIFA injury prevention programs. The FIFA injury prevention programs have shown to be highly effective in reducing overall and lower extremity injury. These data also support the case for the development and introduction of sport-specific programs.
Keywords: FIFA, Injury Prevention, Sport injuries
Funding acknowledgements: There were no sources of financial funding for this research or any conflicts of interest.
Topic: Sport & sports injuries; Musculoskeletal
Ethics approval required: No
Institution: Umm Al Qura University
Ethics committee: Umm Al Qura University Ethics Committee
Reason not required: This was a systematic review
All authors, affiliations and abstracts have been published as submitted.
