The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effects of visual feedback of self- or other-derived waveforms as motor outcomes on motor control in a target tracking task. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effects of visual feedback of self- or other-derived waveforms as motor outcomes on motor control in a target tracking task.
Thirty healthy adults (age, 21.0±1.1 years) were evenly divided into two groups. The tracking task was muscle regulation task in a 0-5N sine waveform (4 waveforms every 30 seconds for a total of 16 times, for 120 seconds) displayed on a PC screen using a muscle control device. Each group had 3 sessions, and all subjects had 100% self-waveforms at first and third sessions. In the second session, the pair task was divided into two groups. One group demonstrated 100% of its own waveform in real time (self FB group), while the other group observed the follow-up waveform being performed by the self FB group (other FB group). For data analysis, absolute error means were calculated for regulatory ability, and cross-correlation coefficients were calculated for similarity between self and other waveforms. Statistical analysis was examined using two-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons. Subjective sensation was examined with the Mann-Whitney U test.
The absolute error mean was significantly increased in the second session on other FB group (p0.01). Subjective sensation was significantly lower in the other FB group (p0.01). Cross-correlations were higher despite the increase in absolute error in the three sessions(p0.01).The absolute error mean was significantly increased in the second session on other FB group (p0.01). Subjective sensation was significantly lower in the other FB group (p0.01). Cross-correlations were higher despite the increase in absolute error in the three sessions(p0.01).
The introduction of manipulation into the visual feedback resulted in a reduction in the sense of agency and an increase in the absolute error mean. In particular, the other FB group's muscle regulation waveform was not their own during the paired task, which may have contributed to the observed decrease in their sense of autonomy. Conversely, as the number of times the task was performed between and within each session increased, the cross-correlation was higher and the waveforms became more similar, suggesting that despite the observed decrease in sense of agency, the presentation of the other's motor outcomes by visual feedback had an effect on motor control.
This study contributes to strategies for presenting motor tasks by showing that motor control and learning are affected even when only a sense of subjectivity and motor outcomes are presented.
tracking task
self-other action
