The present study aimed to study the relationship between the intake of macro and micro nutrients, and physical fitness in children aged 6-14 years. The present study aimed to study the relationship between the intake of macro and micro nutrients, and physical fitness in children aged 6-14 years.
Following consent and accent, five hundred fifty-nine (559) school children (312 Girls, 247 Boys) of age 6-14 years were measured for Fitness: BMI, Cardio-vascular endurance, Grip strength, Abdominal Strength, Flexibility, and Agility. Macro (Protein, carbohydrate and fat) and micro nutrient (calcium and Iron) intake was assessed by 24 hr. recall questionnaire. Linear regressions were conducted to assess the relationship between fitness parameter and nutrients.
Approximately 14.8 - 23.5% children were underweight and 2.4- 19% children were overweight, and 70-80% had poor fitness levels. Between 22- 69% of the children had inadequate in protein, calcium and Iron intake across age group. Regression analysis revealed the following significant correlations: (1) BMI with proteins (p0.0001), Carbohydrates (p0001), Calcium (p0.0001), Iron (p0.0001); (2) Cardio-vascular endurance with Calcium (p0.02), not significant with macro nutrients (p>0.05); (3) Agility failed to achieve significance with macro as well as micro nutrients (p>0.05); (4) Abdominal strength with protein (p0.01), fat (p0.005), Calcium (p0.003); (5) Grip strength with protein (p0.0001), Carbohydrates (p0.0001), Calcium (p0.0001); (6) Flexibility with Calcium (p0.0001).
Overall, the results suggest that fitness is closely linked to the macro and micro nutrients in children with poor fitness levels, aged 6-14 years. In order to improve their fitness levels, need food intake that includes additional carbohydrates, proteins, which is fortified with calcium and iron.
These results has drawn attention towards immediate call for interventions that are focused on balanced nutrition and physical activity in Indian elementary school children. It can help stake holders especially school authorities, Government agencies to implement comprehensive nutrition programs in schools, such as the mid-day meal initiative by the Government. Additionally, by incorporating structured physical activity programs in schools. The study emphasizes the importance of early interventions to reduce long-term health risks associated with poor nutrition and fitness during childhood. This in turn will develop a healthy and fit generation, which is a pre- requisite for academic success and a healthy work force.
Nutrients
School Children
