Barham A1, Cano M2,3, Guerrero J4, Ruz M5
1Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Universidad de Chile, Physical Therapy Department, Santiago, Chile, 3Universidad de Valparaíso, Physical Therapy School, Valparaíso, Chile, 4Universidad de Chile, Physiology Program, Santiago, Chile, 5Universidad de Chile, Nutrition Department, Santiago, Chile
Background: Chile is one of the countries in world that has suffered a fast change in the lifestyle of its population. That has led to an increase in the number of Chilean adults with Type 2 diabetes (12.3% of the population) , that is more than 1.5 million patients, and only 11% of them meet the target for blood glucose, blood pressure and cholesterol plasma levels. In addition, it is estimated that 25 people die every day from diabetes-related causes in Chile.
Physical exercise is an effective intervention to treat obesity and Type 2 diabetes, however the ability to respond to this intervention differs among patients.
Purpose: The purpose was to assess in a rat model of obesity and Type 2 diabetes, the individual response on metabolic and inflammatory profile induced by a muscle training program.
Methods: This is a quantitative study with an experimental prospective approach. 15 Wistar adults male obese and diabetic rats were randomly assigned to a training (TG) or control group (CG). Training consisted on a progressive time suspension exercise on a grid with external weight added to the rat tail, three times a week for 12 weeks.
At the end of the training program maximum holding time (without added weight) was assessed and after euthanize the rats was measured glycaemia (mg/dl), HbA1c (%) and TNF-α (pg/ml) through ELISA method. Data is presented as median [minimum-maximum] and statistical analysis was made with U Mann Whitney and Kruskall Wallis tests. Stastistical software SPSS 25.0 was used.
Results: TG showed higher muscle resistance than CG (47 [16-139] v/s 18 [10-22] s; p=0,006). However there was a great variability on that response, so we decided to split the TG on two subgroups, the responder group (TGR) and non-responder group (TGNR). The TGR showed a higher muscle resistance (115 [108-139] s) respect to CG (18 [10-22] s; p=0.008) and TGNR (28 [16-35] s; p=0.021).
TGR showed lower levels of TNF-α (17.7 [14.7- 20.6] pg/ml) than CG (41.2 [26.5- 138.2] pg/ml; p=0.017) and TGNR (33.8 [23.5- 150.0] pg/ml; p=0.034). TGR had lower fasting glycaemia (70 [69- 86] mg/dl) than CG (99 [82- 119] mg/dl; p=0.033) and TGNR (96 [90-112] mg/dl; p=0.021). TGR also had lower levels of HbA1c (3.7 [3.5- 4.0] %) respect to TGNR (4.3 [3.9- 4.9] %; p=0.042).
Conclusion(s): The obese and diabetic rats that achieve a higher increase in muscle resistance had significative improvements in metabolic and inflammatory systemic markers. Probably, there is genetic influence on the ability to respond to a physical training program and, therefore, its systemic benefits associated. To know which genes may be involved could help to a better management of those patients.
Implications: On patients with obesity and Type 2 diabetes, is mandatory to consider the individual responses to physical training when the program of physical training as well the progression loads are made.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, Inflammatory status
Funding acknowledgements: Research funded by Conicyt .Fondecyt Project 1160792, Chile
Physical exercise is an effective intervention to treat obesity and Type 2 diabetes, however the ability to respond to this intervention differs among patients.
Purpose: The purpose was to assess in a rat model of obesity and Type 2 diabetes, the individual response on metabolic and inflammatory profile induced by a muscle training program.
Methods: This is a quantitative study with an experimental prospective approach. 15 Wistar adults male obese and diabetic rats were randomly assigned to a training (TG) or control group (CG). Training consisted on a progressive time suspension exercise on a grid with external weight added to the rat tail, three times a week for 12 weeks.
At the end of the training program maximum holding time (without added weight) was assessed and after euthanize the rats was measured glycaemia (mg/dl), HbA1c (%) and TNF-α (pg/ml) through ELISA method. Data is presented as median [minimum-maximum] and statistical analysis was made with U Mann Whitney and Kruskall Wallis tests. Stastistical software SPSS 25.0 was used.
Results: TG showed higher muscle resistance than CG (47 [16-139] v/s 18 [10-22] s; p=0,006). However there was a great variability on that response, so we decided to split the TG on two subgroups, the responder group (TGR) and non-responder group (TGNR). The TGR showed a higher muscle resistance (115 [108-139] s) respect to CG (18 [10-22] s; p=0.008) and TGNR (28 [16-35] s; p=0.021).
TGR showed lower levels of TNF-α (17.7 [14.7- 20.6] pg/ml) than CG (41.2 [26.5- 138.2] pg/ml; p=0.017) and TGNR (33.8 [23.5- 150.0] pg/ml; p=0.034). TGR had lower fasting glycaemia (70 [69- 86] mg/dl) than CG (99 [82- 119] mg/dl; p=0.033) and TGNR (96 [90-112] mg/dl; p=0.021). TGR also had lower levels of HbA1c (3.7 [3.5- 4.0] %) respect to TGNR (4.3 [3.9- 4.9] %; p=0.042).
Conclusion(s): The obese and diabetic rats that achieve a higher increase in muscle resistance had significative improvements in metabolic and inflammatory systemic markers. Probably, there is genetic influence on the ability to respond to a physical training program and, therefore, its systemic benefits associated. To know which genes may be involved could help to a better management of those patients.
Implications: On patients with obesity and Type 2 diabetes, is mandatory to consider the individual responses to physical training when the program of physical training as well the progression loads are made.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, Inflammatory status
Funding acknowledgements: Research funded by Conicyt .Fondecyt Project 1160792, Chile
Topic: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) & risk factors
Ethics approval required: Yes
Institution: Universidad de Chile
Ethics committee: Bioethic Committee in Animal Research of Medicine School
Ethics number: Project CBA 0869, 2016
All authors, affiliations and abstracts have been published as submitted.
