Lukasik E.1, Wychowanski M.1, Jopek R.2, Mioduszewski A.2
1Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland, 2Centre for Specialized Surgery ORTOPEDIKA, Warsaw, Poland
Background: In the literature the flatfoot is one of the risk factors of overload injuries and degenerative changes of the lower limb musculoskeletal system, particularly in the knee [Neal 2014]. On the basis of pathomechanics of this dysfunction, it appears that this is a consequence of the hypermobility subtalar joint, which the consequence is excessive internal rotation of the talus in load condition[Graham 2012]. Due to its location between the tibia and fibula bones, its mobility also affects the setting of the above segments of the lower extremity in excessive internal rotation during gait [Buldt 2013].
Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of flatfoot on the kinetic parameters of the knee in the sagittal plane in the stance phase, to get to know the impact of this dysfunction on the knee joint, and thereby improve current rehabilitation programs of flatfoot correction.
Methods: Study group consisted of 5 women (age: 32.8 ± 6.3 years; body weight: 59.0 ± 8.3 kg; body height: 165.8 ± 5.8 cm) with the flatfoot. The study group was assessed 10 feet. The criterion for exclusionary from the experiment were surgery or trauma in the lower limb in the past, chronic instability of the ankle, the presence of neurological or rheumatological diseases.
The measurements of kinetic parameters of gait was performed using motion analysis system VICON and conjugated with its the dynamometric platform Kistler company. In the study used 34 markers that were set on the body of a subject according to the protocol Full Body Plug-In-Gait SACR. Each patient performed 4 to 6 immediately following a pass from the preferred speed. For the analysis was used one attempt, which was considered the best made.
We analyzed the maximum of force moment in the sagittal plane occurring in the knee joint in the Mid Stance Phase of gait. The measurements were made at the Central Research Laboratory of the Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw.
Results: In patients with flatfoot in the sagittal plane during Mid Stance was knee flexion moment, which average value was 0.22 ± 0.43 Nm / kg.
Conclusion(s): The obtained results show that in patients with flatfoot in the Mid Stance of the gait occurs knee flexion moment, which shows the activity of the hamstring muscles. The norms of kinetic parameters established by Winter, show that in the Mid Stance of gait occurs knee extensor moment. The explanation of pathology is not known. But it seems that by the phenomenon of reciprocal inhibition inhibits the activity of the main stabilizer of the knee joint in the stance phase - the quadriceps muscle.
Implications: The resulting observations indicate the direction of the functional rehabilitation program of people with flatfoot. Because the current literature is very poorly presented and research it [Headlam, 2008].
Funding acknowledgements: Statutory donation - Young Scientists Projects DM-41 financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education
Topic: Human movement analysis
Ethics approval: The Ethics Commission of Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
All authors, affiliations and abstracts have been published as submitted.
