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Soer R1,2, Six Dijkstra WMC1,3, Bieleman HJ1, Stewart RE4, Reneman MF3, Oosterveld FGJ1, Schreurs KMG5,6
1Saxion University of Applied Sciences, School of Health, Enschede, Netherlands, 2University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Spine Center, Groningen, Netherlands, 3University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, Netherlands, 4University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, Groningen, Netherlands, 5University of Twente, Centre for eHealth and Wellbeing, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, Enschede, Netherlands, 6Roessingh Research and Development, Enschede, Netherlands
Background: Occupational physiotherapists aim to enable workers to stay healthy and productive at work. Health was defined as “the ability to adapt and self-manage, in light of the physical, emotional and social challenges of life". The definition reflects a broad view on health, and shifting the emphasis away from a traditional medical model to resilience and well-being. Resilience is an adaptive response to adversity. Less resilient persons are more likely to be less engaged to work, have psychological complaints and negative lifestyle habits (smoking, recreation and diet). Early risk detection in relatively healthy persons may lead to prevention of disorders related to resilience. So, measuring resilience in the working environment enables occupational physiotherapists to identify workers at risk for health related challenges for sustainable employability . For this purpose, measuring resilience, may be of additional value for preventive health screening in the work context. The Brief Resilience Scale could be useful, however this questionnaire is not validated in the Netherlands.
Purpose: The aim of this study is to study measurement properties of the Dutch Language Version of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS-DLV) in blue and white collar workers employed at multiple companies and to compare the validity and factor structure to other language versions.
Methods: Workers (n=1023) were assessed during a cross-sectional health surveillance. The BRS-DLV is a questionnaire with 6 questions: 3 positively formulated and 3 in reversed order. Construct validity was tested with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) and hypothesis testing. For hypothesis testing Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated between the outcomes of the BRS-DLV and outcomes on questionnaires about workability (WAI), work related problems (QEEW), psychological complaints (GHQ-12), work engagement (UBES-9) and lifestyle (questionnaires). Internal consistency was tested with Cronbach's alpha.
Results: A two factor structure of the BRS-DLV had good model fit in both EFA and CFA, which could be explained by difficulties of workers with reversed order items. After excluding these inconsistent answering patterns, a one factor structure showed good model fit resembling the original BRS (χ2=16.5; CFI & TLI=0.99; SRMR=0.02;RMSEA=0.04). Internal consistency is sufficient (Cronbachs α=0.78). All five hypotheses were not rejected, suggesting construct validity.
Conclusion(s): Internal consistency of the BRS-DLV is sufficient. Hypotheses testing showed evidence of construct validity. Other language versions differ in factor structure, most likely because inconsistent answers are not corrected for.
Implications: The BRS-DLV can be used to measure resilience as an additional tool in the workers' health assessment. A low resilience can be a reason for the occupational physiotherapist to address this as a possible hindering factor for health and sustainable employability. However, it is advised to be aware of inconsistent answering. This can be easily detected when answers to reversed questions (2,4 and 6) show the opposite answers to the non-reversed questions (1, 3 and 5). A longitudinal study will provide knowledge about the predictive value of the BRS-DLV.
Keywords: Occupational Physiotherapy, ; resilience, health prevention
Funding acknowledgements: This study was funded by Expertise Center Tech For Future in The Netherlands (TFF150101 SHIFT).
Purpose: The aim of this study is to study measurement properties of the Dutch Language Version of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS-DLV) in blue and white collar workers employed at multiple companies and to compare the validity and factor structure to other language versions.
Methods: Workers (n=1023) were assessed during a cross-sectional health surveillance. The BRS-DLV is a questionnaire with 6 questions: 3 positively formulated and 3 in reversed order. Construct validity was tested with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) and hypothesis testing. For hypothesis testing Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated between the outcomes of the BRS-DLV and outcomes on questionnaires about workability (WAI), work related problems (QEEW), psychological complaints (GHQ-12), work engagement (UBES-9) and lifestyle (questionnaires). Internal consistency was tested with Cronbach's alpha.
Results: A two factor structure of the BRS-DLV had good model fit in both EFA and CFA, which could be explained by difficulties of workers with reversed order items. After excluding these inconsistent answering patterns, a one factor structure showed good model fit resembling the original BRS (χ2=16.5; CFI & TLI=0.99; SRMR=0.02;RMSEA=0.04). Internal consistency is sufficient (Cronbachs α=0.78). All five hypotheses were not rejected, suggesting construct validity.
Conclusion(s): Internal consistency of the BRS-DLV is sufficient. Hypotheses testing showed evidence of construct validity. Other language versions differ in factor structure, most likely because inconsistent answers are not corrected for.
Implications: The BRS-DLV can be used to measure resilience as an additional tool in the workers' health assessment. A low resilience can be a reason for the occupational physiotherapist to address this as a possible hindering factor for health and sustainable employability. However, it is advised to be aware of inconsistent answering. This can be easily detected when answers to reversed questions (2,4 and 6) show the opposite answers to the non-reversed questions (1, 3 and 5). A longitudinal study will provide knowledge about the predictive value of the BRS-DLV.
Keywords: Occupational Physiotherapy, ; resilience, health prevention
Funding acknowledgements: This study was funded by Expertise Center Tech For Future in The Netherlands (TFF150101 SHIFT).
Topic: Occupational health & ergonomics; Health promotion & wellbeing/healthy ageing
Ethics approval required: No
Institution: University Medical Center Groningen in The Netherlands
Ethics committee: The Ethics Board at the University Medical Center Groningen
Reason not required: Formal approval of the study was not necessary because all workers were subjected to care as usual only.
All authors, affiliations and abstracts have been published as submitted.
