MOTOR DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH PHARMACODEPENDENCE. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

E. Amador Rodero¹, L.P. Montealegre Esmeral¹

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) considers drug dependence a public health problem due to its increasing incidence and the high costs that it implies when there is no adequate control. Among the derived complications are those that affect the central nervous system that are manifested with alterations in balance, coordination, proprioception, muscle fatigue, tremors, seizures, vertigo, headaches, among others, making it necessary comprehensive rehabilitation that includes the participation of the Physical Theraphist.

Purpose: The objective of the present review is to determine motor alterations in patients with drug dependence.

Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in the databases Clinical Key, Cochrane, PubMed, Scielo, Science Direct; The MesH terms: "Drugs Dependence", "Central Nervous System", "Illicit Drugs", "Substance-Related Disorders", "Motor Skills Disorders" and "Drug use disorders", and the combination of Boolean AND / OR operators were included. The articles of systematic review studies, cases and controls, and meta-analyzes, published between 2010 and 2020 that also answered the question PICOT, What are the motor alterations in patients with drug dependence? Two reviewers extracted data from selected articles in an Excel form and two other reviewers assessed the quality and presence of bias in the studies.

Results: Initially 1746 articles were found, filtered by titles and abstracts. A cleansing was performed and articles were excluded due to duplication or not meeting the inclusion criteria; Finally, 6 articles were selected for the present study, 4 systematic reviews, 1 meta-analysis, and 1 case-control studies. Biases were controlled for. The evidence indicated that the main motor alterations found in patients with congenital and / or acquired drug dependence are: psychomotor, balance disorders, fine motor skills disorders, gross motor skills disorders, general coordination and coordination disorders eye-hand.

Conclusion(s): The motor alterations found in the present study are the result of long exposure to additive substances that end up intoxicating the different systems, especially the central nervous system, which suffers a progressive deterioration, compromising other systems such as the musculoskeletal system.

Implications: For the physiotherapist as an expert in body movement, it constitutes an opportunity to strengthen their participation in the multidisciplinary team for the care of these patients.

Funding, acknowledgements: A los estudiantes: Samantha Pacheco, Juan Pablo Castro, Sofia Rodriguez, Luz Andrea Camargo y Josué Batalla.

Keywords: Drugs Dependence, Central Nervous System, Motor Skills Disorders

Topic: Neurology

Did this work require ethics approval? No

Institution: Universidad Libre de Colombia

Committee: Comité de Etica de la Universidad

Reason: As it is a literature review, the approval of the ethics committee is not necessary.