Georgoudis G1,2,3, Sotiropoulos S4,5, Skouras A4, Likourgia I4, Retalis E4, Karameri MT4
1University of West Attica, Director of Musculoskeletal & Chest Physiotherapy Research Lab, Athens, Greece, 2Hellenic Scientific Society of Algology, Athens, Greece, 3PhysioPain Group, Physiotherapy, Athens, Greece, 4University of West Attica, Musculoskeletal & Chest Physiotherapy Lab, Athens, Greece, 5Central Physio Clinic, Athens, Greece
Background: The spine functional index (SFI) is one of the few questionnaires for evaluation of the entire spine. It can be applied in both clinical and research fields and is shown to be both valid and reliable in English, although it has not been validated in Greek patients. The SFI is a single factor structure measure with 25-item related to health and quality of life status, functional capacity and ADL.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the function of musculoskeletal pain patients using a newly validated cross culturally adapted Greek version of the SFI, and to further examine the validity, reliability and responsiveness of the measure.
Methods: A sample of 60 patients (34 male, 18-68 years, 76.6+13.1 kgr, 1.69+0.11m) attending three outpatient clinics participated in the study. The adaptation of SFI into Greek (SFI-GR) followed the guidelines for cross-cultural research tools. A number of validated into Greek questionnaires was also completed at all times SFI was administered: the Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), the Rolland Morris Disability questionnaire (RMD), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the VAS scale, the SF-12.
Ethical approval was given by the Ethics Committee of the University of West Attica, Athens, Greece (Ref: 6/16-2-2018, 2nd topic). Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach´s α and test-retest reliability using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Validity was determined by calculating the Pearson´s r correlation coefficient between the SFI and RMQ, ODI (convergent) and the SFMPQ, VAS, SF-12 (divergent). Responsiveness was assessed using ANOVA between pre- and post-treatment measurements.
Results: Internal consistency was satisfactory (a = 0.89) for SFI-GR. Convergent validity was very good between the SFI and RMQ (r = 0.7, p 0.05) and good between the SFI and ODI (r = 0.58, p 0.05). Divergent validity was evident by the NS correlation with the SFMPQ, VAS, and SF-12 subscales. Test-retest reliability for every single item and the total score was also satisfactory (ICC = 0.96, with 95% CI: 0.91-0.985). A significant reduction in the total SFI-GR score (F-test = 5.45 p 0.005) coupled with a subjective estimation of improvement, was evidenced after a full rehabilitation program of physiotherapy treatment of spine pain (responsiveness).
Conclusion(s): The Greek version of SFI was shown to be a valid, reliable and responsive tool to assess the functional aspects of the musculoskeletal pain in Greek outpatients.
Implications: The results for the SFI-GR are comparable to the original and other versions of cultural adaptations in other languages. Therefore, a direct comparison can be made between data among the countries.
Keywords: Spine Function Index, spine pain, cultural adaptation of outcome measure
Funding acknowledgements: None
Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the function of musculoskeletal pain patients using a newly validated cross culturally adapted Greek version of the SFI, and to further examine the validity, reliability and responsiveness of the measure.
Methods: A sample of 60 patients (34 male, 18-68 years, 76.6+13.1 kgr, 1.69+0.11m) attending three outpatient clinics participated in the study. The adaptation of SFI into Greek (SFI-GR) followed the guidelines for cross-cultural research tools. A number of validated into Greek questionnaires was also completed at all times SFI was administered: the Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), the Rolland Morris Disability questionnaire (RMD), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the VAS scale, the SF-12.
Ethical approval was given by the Ethics Committee of the University of West Attica, Athens, Greece (Ref: 6/16-2-2018, 2nd topic). Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach´s α and test-retest reliability using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Validity was determined by calculating the Pearson´s r correlation coefficient between the SFI and RMQ, ODI (convergent) and the SFMPQ, VAS, SF-12 (divergent). Responsiveness was assessed using ANOVA between pre- and post-treatment measurements.
Results: Internal consistency was satisfactory (a = 0.89) for SFI-GR. Convergent validity was very good between the SFI and RMQ (r = 0.7, p 0.05) and good between the SFI and ODI (r = 0.58, p 0.05). Divergent validity was evident by the NS correlation with the SFMPQ, VAS, and SF-12 subscales. Test-retest reliability for every single item and the total score was also satisfactory (ICC = 0.96, with 95% CI: 0.91-0.985). A significant reduction in the total SFI-GR score (F-test = 5.45 p 0.005) coupled with a subjective estimation of improvement, was evidenced after a full rehabilitation program of physiotherapy treatment of spine pain (responsiveness).
Conclusion(s): The Greek version of SFI was shown to be a valid, reliable and responsive tool to assess the functional aspects of the musculoskeletal pain in Greek outpatients.
Implications: The results for the SFI-GR are comparable to the original and other versions of cultural adaptations in other languages. Therefore, a direct comparison can be made between data among the countries.
Keywords: Spine Function Index, spine pain, cultural adaptation of outcome measure
Funding acknowledgements: None
Topic: Pain & pain management; Musculoskeletal; Outcome measurement
Ethics approval required: Yes
Institution: University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
Ethics committee: Ethics Research Committee
Ethics number: 2nd topic, 6/16-02-2018
All authors, affiliations and abstracts have been published as submitted.
