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A. Kumar1, N. Sharma2, A.J. Samuel1
1Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Neurosciences and Pediatric Neurology, Ambala, India, 2Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Pediatrics and Neonatal Physiotherapy, Ambala, India
Background: Rebound Test is a part of the general neurological assessment. To date, to best of our knowledge, there is no standard reference value for the rebound test is available in any age group. Defining the normative value would help in general neurological screening related coordination assessment.
Purpose: To establish the Rebound test reference scores (RTRS) among young asymptomatic individuals aged between 18 and 25 years.
Methods: Fifty young asymptomatic individuals consist of 31 females and 19 males were recruited by the simple random sampling technique for the cross-sectional normative study during January 2020. The inclusion criteria for the study were age group between 18 to 25 years asymptomatic individuals and who are willing to spare about 5 minutes. Individuals with any neurological, psychological, skin disorders, upper limb deformities, and any trauma or fracture in upper extremities (UE) in the past six months were excluded from the study. Before executing the actual main study, the pilot study with a sample size of 12 (6 male and 6 females) was executed to find out any practical difficulties existed while performing the experiment and to determine the standard deviation (SD or σ) and standard error of the mean (SEM or d) for estimating the sample size for the main study. From the unpublished pilot study, the minimum sample required for the study was calculated using estimating mean formulae (Z α σ/d)2 was found to be, n=47. After rounding off for the calculation accuracy, the minimum sample requires for the study was set at, n=50. The study procedure was completed in a week period without any dropout as there was no follow-up associated with the study. After the anthropometric measurements, the procedure of the rebound test was explained to the participants. Participants were made to sit on the chair with no armrest and asked to perform 90-degree elbow flexion with their right side while holding a marker in finger flexed hand against whiteboard to mark the starting position. Manual resistance was applied over proximal one-third of forearm to stop elbow from flexing and the manual resistance was removed without the prior information. The length of displacement of marker against the whiteboard from the starting position was noted in cm and the mean of three readings was used to estimate RTRS. A similar procedure was adopted to the other side of UE and the readings were noted for further analyses.
Results: Mean with 95% CI for age, height, weight, and BMI were 20.7 (19.7-20.7) years, 160.7 (158.6-162.9) cm, 55.4 (36-75) kg, and 21.4 (14.8-28.7) kg/m2 respectively. Overall RTRS in right and left UE were 35.9 ± 12.9 (7.1- 57.4) and 39.9 ± 11.6 (9.1- 63.9) cm respectively.
Conclusion(s): RTRS has been established among young asymptomatic individuals.
Implications: Rebound Tests can be applied safely in clinical settings as a part of a non-equilibrium coordination test. These values could act as the benchmark to determine whether the obtained RTRS values are within the normal permissible limit in the standard neurological screening.
Funding, acknowledgements: None
Keywords: Screening tests, Neurological screening, Coordination tests
Topic: Neurology
Did this work require ethics approval? Yes
Institution: Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
Committee: Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
Ethics number: MMIPR/DRC-SPC/BPT/19/03
All authors, affiliations and abstracts have been published as submitted.
