This scoping review is aimed to map out and describe the available literature related to the SIJD semiology affecting the human body. Specifically, it is aimed to acknowledge the signs and symptoms presented by the population with SIJD included in the selected studies in this scoping review.
A search of the literature was conducted using the primary biomedical databases: Pubmed (Medline), PEDro, B-on, Scopus and Cochrane Library. The review was prepared by referring to the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews” (PRISMA-ScR). The main inclusion criteria signs and symptoms associated with the diagnostic of SIJD in both sexes, manuscripts published in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese, between 01/01/2013 and 01/04/2023.
A total of 6569 records were identified through database searching. After removing duplicates, the titles and abstracts of the remaining 2319 articles were reviewed. A total of 359 articles remained to analyze their relevance. Further analysis led to the exclusion of an additional 306 articles, since they did not meet the inclusion criteria, the researchers were unable to access the full-text, or the articles did not present relevant data. Consequently, 53 studies remained and were included in this scoping review.
Regarding the symptoms associated with SIJD in the studies evaluated, the most prevalent was low back pain, reported in 12 studies, followed by groin pain and leg pain in 3 studies each, lower buttock pain and SIJ area pain in 2 studies each.
Multiple signs associated with SIJD were registered in the included studies in this scoping review, highlighting the loss of unipedal static balance and impaired gait, as the most frequent SIJD signs referenced in 5 of the listed studies. Other signs were reported in only one study.
This study's findings suggest that this dysfunction can cause diverse symptoms, most commonly low back pain, groin pain, and leg pain. Additionally, relevant signs where impaired single-leg balance, and an asymmetrical gait.
The conclusions drawn support the effective need to acknowledge the signs and symptoms associated to SIJD. The management of SIJD may now be clearer for physiotherapy practice making the diagnostics and treatment of this musculoskeletal condition straightforward.
Sacroiliac joint dysfunction semiology
Neuromusculoskeletal imbalance
