Han H1, Kubo A1, Ishizaka M1, Maruyama H2
1International University of Health and Welfare, Department of Physical Therapy, Ohtawara, Japan, 2International University of Health and Welfare, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
Background: Measurement units of 1 or 5 degrees for hip joint rotation range of motion (ROM) are used in education and clinical practice. However, the 1- and 5-degree measurement units are both used in various research reports. Even when mixed use is required due to differences in measurement units, its validity is unclear, making the mixed use difficult.
Purpose: To investigate the validity of the mixed use of 1- and 5-degree measurement units for hip joint rotation ROM.
Methods: The study included 76 physical therapy students (19.9 ± 3.1 years old; 152 legs) from the International University of Health and Welfare. We measured the ROM of internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) of the left and right hip joints in the prone position. The measurements were performed blindly, and measurement order was determined randomly beforehand. The measurements were made in 1-degree units. IR and ER were examined by integration of the ROM of the left and right joints, respectively. The measured values were converted from 1-degree units to 5-degree units, e.g., measured values of 8, 9, 0, 1, and 2 were converted to 0 and 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 were converted to 5. The measured values converted to 5-degree units were compared to the 1-degree units as the measured values of one time (trial 1), the average value of two times (trial 2), and the average value of three times (trial 3). To investigate the relevance of criterion-related validity related to 1-degree unit measurement values, correlation coefficients and equivalence and non-inferiority trials were examined between the 5-degree units. A paired t-test was conducted (p 0.05) to determine the differences between the 1- and 5-degree units. Determination of equivalence and the non-inferiority trials were made using the confidence intervals (CI) of the average value. The non-inferiority margin size was set to 1/3 of the standard deviation. Lower limits of the 95% and 90% CI were used in the judgment. Oral information was given and written consent was obtained from participants. This study was approved by the International University of Health and Welfare Ethics Committee (#: 18 - Io - 42).
Results: The results of each item (p-value of t-test, correlation coefficient r) were compared for one measurement (IR: 0.71, 0.99; ER: 0.90, 0.99), the average value of two times (IR: 0.87, 0.99; ER: 0.29, 0.99), and the average value of three times (IR: 0.15, 0.99; ER: 0.92, 0.99). Significant differences were found in all correlation coefficients. The results of the equivalence and non-inferiority trials were judged as non-inferior in trials 1, 2, and 3 of IR and ER.
Conclusion(s): No significant differences were observed in any of the measurements in trials 1, 2, or 3 for IR or ER. Furthermore, non-inferiority was seen in the equivalence and non-inferiority trials, and there were very high correlations with criterion-related validity.
Implications: The measurement of hip rotation ROM using both 1- and 5-degree units is useful in cases of integrating research reports conducted by different researchers in clinical settings and meta-analyses.
Keywords: hip rotational ROM, measurement unit mixed, validity
Funding acknowledgements: None
Purpose: To investigate the validity of the mixed use of 1- and 5-degree measurement units for hip joint rotation ROM.
Methods: The study included 76 physical therapy students (19.9 ± 3.1 years old; 152 legs) from the International University of Health and Welfare. We measured the ROM of internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) of the left and right hip joints in the prone position. The measurements were performed blindly, and measurement order was determined randomly beforehand. The measurements were made in 1-degree units. IR and ER were examined by integration of the ROM of the left and right joints, respectively. The measured values were converted from 1-degree units to 5-degree units, e.g., measured values of 8, 9, 0, 1, and 2 were converted to 0 and 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 were converted to 5. The measured values converted to 5-degree units were compared to the 1-degree units as the measured values of one time (trial 1), the average value of two times (trial 2), and the average value of three times (trial 3). To investigate the relevance of criterion-related validity related to 1-degree unit measurement values, correlation coefficients and equivalence and non-inferiority trials were examined between the 5-degree units. A paired t-test was conducted (p 0.05) to determine the differences between the 1- and 5-degree units. Determination of equivalence and the non-inferiority trials were made using the confidence intervals (CI) of the average value. The non-inferiority margin size was set to 1/3 of the standard deviation. Lower limits of the 95% and 90% CI were used in the judgment. Oral information was given and written consent was obtained from participants. This study was approved by the International University of Health and Welfare Ethics Committee (#: 18 - Io - 42).
Results: The results of each item (p-value of t-test, correlation coefficient r) were compared for one measurement (IR: 0.71, 0.99; ER: 0.90, 0.99), the average value of two times (IR: 0.87, 0.99; ER: 0.29, 0.99), and the average value of three times (IR: 0.15, 0.99; ER: 0.92, 0.99). Significant differences were found in all correlation coefficients. The results of the equivalence and non-inferiority trials were judged as non-inferior in trials 1, 2, and 3 of IR and ER.
Conclusion(s): No significant differences were observed in any of the measurements in trials 1, 2, or 3 for IR or ER. Furthermore, non-inferiority was seen in the equivalence and non-inferiority trials, and there were very high correlations with criterion-related validity.
Implications: The measurement of hip rotation ROM using both 1- and 5-degree units is useful in cases of integrating research reports conducted by different researchers in clinical settings and meta-analyses.
Keywords: hip rotational ROM, measurement unit mixed, validity
Funding acknowledgements: None
Topic: Research methodology & knowledge translation; Musculoskeletal: lower limb; Information management, technology & big data
Ethics approval required: Yes
Institution: International University of Health and Welfare
Ethics committee: International University of Health and Welfare Ethics Committee
Ethics number: 18 - Io - 42
All authors, affiliations and abstracts have been published as submitted.
