Collaborative Versus Individual Study Approaches and Frequency of Study Sessions on Oral Revalida Performance

Lily Ann Bautista, Christian Philip Jimeno, Consuelo Isabel Villaflores, Lyca Francesca Villegas, Giulio Antonio Villegas, Kirsten Gae Salazar, Edgar Seth III Teves, Clint Viente
Purpose:

The concurrent embedded mixed method research design aimed to investigate the study approaches (collaborative, individual, and mixed type) and its relationship to oral revalida performance, determine the frequency of study sessions and its relationship to oral revalida performance, and delve into narratives of those who prefer collaborative vs. individual or both study approaches on oral revalida performance.

Methods:

Instrument validity and reliability were ensured through expert opinions and pilot testing of the self-administered questionnaire. Performance ratings were based on the university's grading system. Dominant quantitative data was statistically calculated using SPSS v.26, discussed and interpreted in a descriptive and inferential manner. Descriptive statistics involved frequency, mean, standard deviation, ranking while One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s honest significant difference (HSD)  test was utilized for statistical inferences. Supplementary qualitative data was analyzed through thematic analysis for further corroboration of the results.

Results:

Categorized by study approach, individual study yielded average performance (80.10%), mixed study resulted in below-average rating (77.14%), and group study led to passing grades (72.83%). Overall student performance fell below average (78.22%). One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in oral revalida performance based on study approaches at 95% confidence interval. However, no significant differences were found between mixed and group approaches or among study session frequencies. Post-hoc analysis using Tukey's HSD indicated significant differences between individual vs. mixed study approaches and individual vs. group approaches. Thematic analysis reinforced quantitative findings, highlighting emergent themes: 1) Owning studying: Self-regulation as affected by preferred mode of study, 2) The environment and student's circle of concern.

Conclusion(s):

Physical therapy students who adopted individual studies exhibited superior performance in comparison to collaborative or mixed approaches. This study identified the frequency of study sessions with no significant difference leading to the acceptance of the second null hypothesis. The use of Tukey’s honest significant difference (HSD) indicated the significant differences between individual vs. mixed study approaches and individual vs. group approaches. The thematic analysis corroborated the results through emergent themes: 1) Owning studying: Self-regulation as affected by preferred mode of study, 2) The environment and student's circle of concern. Individual study approaches were superior to collaborative or mixed methods in achieving academic performance.

Implications:
This study advocates that individual study approaches are highly advantageous for preparing for the oral revalida, precisely due to the exam context. Further investigation necessitates the understanding of the impact and effectiveness of individual study approaches, particularly considering external influences that may affect learning outcomes. Future research could explore ways to optimize collaborative learning approaches for oral revalida examinations.
Funding acknowledgements:
The work was unfunded.
Keywords:
Study Approaches
Frequency of Study Sessions
Oral Revalida Performance
Primary topic:
Education: methods of teaching and learning
Second topic:
Education: continuing professional development
Third topic:
Education
Did this work require ethics approval?:
Yes
Name the institution and ethics committee that approved your work:
Silliman University, University Research Ethics Committee
Provide the ethics approval number:
2023-398-Jimeno
Has any of this material been/due to be published or presented at another national or international conference prior to the World Physiotherapy Congress 2025?:
No

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